1、首先pip安装opencv的python包

pip install opencv-python

然后在python解释器中导入cv2进行测试，不报错的话就是安装成功了

2、如果报错如下错误,则是缺少必要的环境

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "demoall.py", line 6, in <module>
	import cv2
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/cv2/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
	from .cv2 import *
ImportError: libSM.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

需要执行以下命令，安装依赖库

apt-get update
apt-get install apt-file
apt-file update
apt-file search libSM.so.6
apt-get install libsm6

然后再在python解释器中进行导包测试，不报错则opencv可以正常使用，但是一般会出现如下错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "demoall.py", line 6, in <module>
import cv2
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/cv2/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
from .cv2 import *
ImportError: libXrender.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

若出现以上错误，执行以下命令安装依赖包

apt-get install libxrender1

3 、安装成功后导入opencv测试

不报错则安装成功