小贴士
这里不再赘述公私钥的生成过程。可以利用OpenSSL进行生成。

加密代码

#!/usr/bin/python

#加密
#conda install pycrypto		#提前安装模块

import base64
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5

publickey = RSA.importKey(open('public_key.pem').read())
enc = PKCS1_v1_5.new(publickey)
ciphertext = enc.encrypt("3160610019")		#加密字符串

with open("crypt.txt", 'w') as f:			#加密后保存在此文件中
    f.write(base64.encodestring(ciphertext))

解密代码

#!/usr/bin/python

from Crypto import Random
import base64
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5

key = RSA.importKey(open('server.key').read())
dec = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)

with open('crypt.txt', 'r') as f:		#读取密文
    ciphertext = f.read()
ciphertext = base64.decodestring(ciphertext)

print dec.decrypt(ciphertext, Random.new().read)

注意：密钥最好不要设置密码哦。