一、 远程执行模块

[root@server1 ~]# mkdir /srv/salt/_modules
[root@server1 ~]# cd /srv/salt/_modules
[root@server1 _modules]# vim my_disk.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
def df():
    return __salt__['cmd.run']('df -h')

刷新：

[root@server1 _modules]# salt '*' saltutil.sync_modules

调用函数：

[root@server1 _modules]# salt server2 my_disk.df
server2:
    Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    /dev/mapper/rhel-root   17G  1.2G   16G   8% /
    devtmpfs               486M     0  486M   0% /dev
    tmpfs                  497M   12K  497M   1% /dev/shm
    tmpfs                  497M   13M  484M   3% /run
    tmpfs                  497M     0  497M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
    /dev/sda1             1014M  139M  876M  14% /boot
    tmpfs                  100M     0  100M   0% /run/user/0

server2查看：

[root@server2 minion]# cd /var/cache/salt/minion
[root@server2 minion]# tree    #pyc编译后的文件

二、salt-syndic(多个master)

topmsater通过syndic 和master通信，syndic是master上的一个服务，没有配置文件 syndic必须和master在同一主机上，master把任务布置给minion，minion反馈给master的syndic，再通过syndic反馈给topmoster。

1.打开一个新的虚拟机，配置好yum源，安装并开启salt-master

[root@server4 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/salt.repo 
[salt]
name=salt
baseurl=http://172.25.36.250/saltstack/rhel7/2018/
gpgcheck=0

[root@server4 ~]# yum install -y salt-master.service
[root@server4 ~]# systemctl start salt-master.service
[root@server4 ~]# systemctl enable salt-master.service

2 .更改master文件

[root@server4 ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
1054 order_masters: true

 674 file_roots:
 675   base:
 676     - /srv/salt

[root@server4 ~]# systemctl restart salt-master.service 

3安装并开启syndic服务

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y salt-syndic
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl start salt-syndic

4.编辑主配置文件

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
1058 syndic_master: 172.25.36.4
[root@server1 ~]# systemctl restart salt-master.service 

5.发钥匙

[root@server4 ~]# salt-key -L
Accepted Keys:
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
server1
Rejected Keys:
[root@server4 ~]# salt-key -A
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
server1
Proceed? [n/Y] y
Key for minion server1 accepted.

6.master端测试：

[root@server4 ~]# salt '*' test.ping
server2:
    True
server3:
    True

三、salt-ssh

关闭server2/3上的minion，如果没有这一步不用做
[root@server2 minion]# systemctl stop salt-minion.service 
[root@server3 minion]# systemctl stop salt-minion.service 

1.安装salt-ssh

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y salt-ssh

2.编辑配置文件

[root@server1 ~]# cd /etc/salt/
[root@server1 salt]# vim roster 
server2:
  host: 172.25.36.2
  user: root
  passwd: redhat

server3:
  host: 172.25.36.3
  user: root
  passwd: redhat

3.测试：

[root@server1 salt]# salt-ssh '*' test.ping

这个情况是mysql 没注释，但是成功

#注释mysql
[root@server1 salt]# vim master
#master_job_cache: mysql
#mysql.host: 'localhost'
#mysql.user: 'salt'
#mysql.pass: 'westos'
#mysql.db: 'salt'
#mysql.port: 3306

[root@server1 salt]# salt-ssh '*' test.ping
server3:
    True
server2:
True

server2/3的minion服务已经关闭了，所以返回是通过ssh连接的

[root@server1 salt]# salt-ssh '*' cmd.run df

四、API模块

1.安装salt-api模块

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y salt-api 

2.加密

[root@server1 ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/
[root@server1 private]# openssl genrsa 1024 > localhost.key
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
.............++++++
........++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

[root@server1 private]# cd ../certs/
[root@server1 certs]# ls
ca-bundle.crt  ca-bundle.trust.crt  make-dummy-cert  Makefile  renew-dummy-cert

3.认证

[root@server1 certs]# make testcert
umask 77 ; \
/usr/bin/openssl req -utf8 -new -key /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key -x509 -days 365 -out /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt -set_serial 0
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:Shaanxi
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:xi'an
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:westos
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:linux
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:server1
Email Address []:root@localhost

4.编辑配置文件

[root@server1 certs]# cd /etc/salt/master.d/
[root@server1 master.d]# ls
[root@server1 master.d]# vim api.conf
rest_cherrypy:
  port: 8000
  ssl_crt: /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt
  ssl_key: /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key

[root@server1 master.d]# vim auto.conf
external_auth:
  pam:
    saltapi:
      - .*  #权限也复制
      - '@wheel'   # to allow access to all wheel modules
      - '@runner'  # to allow access to all runner modules
      - '@jobs' 

5.建立saltapi用户

[root@server1 master.d]# useradd saltapi
[root@server1 master.d]# passwd saltapi

6.开启api

[root@server1 master.d]# systemctl restart salt-master
[root@server1 master.d]# systemctl start salt-api
[root@server1 master.d]# netstat -atnlp
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      27686/salt-api      

7.测试（在真机上）

[root@foundation36 ~]# curl -sSk https://172.25.36.1:8000/login -H 'Accept: application/x-yaml' -d username=saltapi -d password=westos -d eauth=pam
return:
- eauth: pam
  expire: 1560714822.884042
  perms:
  - .*
  - '@wheel'
  - '@runner'
  - '@jobs'
  start: 1560671622.884037
  token: 589b261a7fc4c76245f8a5e3862da4188c80afe3
  user: saltapi

[root@foundation36 ~]# curl -sSk https://172.25.36.1:8000 -H 'Accept: application/x-yaml'  -H 'X-Auth-Token:589b261a7fc4c76245f8a5e3862da4188c80afe3' -d client=local -d tgt='*' -d fun=test.ping
return:
- server2: true
  server3: true

编辑python文件（真机），打印已有key的主机名

[root@foundation36 ~]# vim saltapi.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import urllib2,urllib
import time

try:
    import json
except ImportError:
    import simplejson as json

class SaltAPI(object):
    __token_id = ''
    def __init__(self,url,username,password):
        self.__url = url.rstrip('/')
        self.__user = username
        self.__password = password

    def token_id(self):
        ''' user login and get token id '''
        params = {'eauth': 'pam', 'username': self.__user, 'password': self.__password}
        encode = urllib.urlencode(params)
        obj = urllib.unquote(encode)
        content = self.postRequest(obj,prefix='/login')
	try:
            self.__token_id = content['return'][0]['token']
        except KeyError:
            raise KeyError

    def postRequest(self,obj,prefix='/'):
        url = self.__url + prefix
        headers = {'X-Auth-Token'   : self.__token_id}
        req = urllib2.Request(url, obj, headers)
        opener = urllib2.urlopen(req)
        content = json.loads(opener.read())
        return content

    def list_all_key(self):
        params = {'client': 'wheel', 'fun': 'key.list_all'}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        minions = content['return'][0]['data']['return']['minions']
        minions_pre = content['return'][0]['data']['return']['minions_pre']
        return minions,minions_pre

    def delete_key(self,node_name):
        params = {'client': 'wheel', 'fun': 'key.delete', 'match': node_name}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        ret = content['return'][0]['data']['success']
        return ret

    def accept_key(self,node_name):
        params = {'client': 'wheel', 'fun': 'key.accept', 'match': node_name}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        ret = content['return'][0]['data']['success']
        return ret

    def remote_noarg_execution(self,tgt,fun):
        ''' Execute commands without parameters '''
        params = {'client': 'local', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': fun}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        ret = content['return'][0][tgt]
        return ret

    def remote_execution(self,tgt,fun,arg):
        ''' Command execution with parameters '''        
        params = {'client': 'local', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': fun, 'arg': arg}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        ret = content['return'][0][tgt]
        return ret

    def target_remote_execution(self,tgt,fun,arg):
        ''' Use targeting for remote execution '''
        params = {'client': 'local', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': fun, 'arg': arg, 'expr_form': 'nodegroup'}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        jid = content['return'][0]['jid']
        return jid

    def deploy(self,tgt,arg):
        ''' Module deployment '''
        params = {'client': 'local', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': 'state.sls', 'arg': arg}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        return content

    def async_deploy(self,tgt,arg):
        ''' Asynchronously send a command to connected minions '''
        params = {'client': 'local_async', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': 'state.sls', 'arg': arg}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        jid = content['return'][0]['jid']
        return jid

    def target_deploy(self,tgt,arg):
        ''' Based on the node group forms deployment '''
        params = {'client': 'local_async', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': 'state.sls', 'arg': arg, 'expr_form': 'nodegroup'}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        jid = content['return'][0]['jid']
        return jid

def main():
    sapi = SaltAPI(url="https://172.25.36.1:8000",username="saltapi",password="westos")
    #sapi.token_id()
    print sapi.list_all_key()
    #sapi.delete_key('test-01')
    #sapi.accept_key('test-01')
    #sapi.deploy('test-01','nginx')
    #print sapi.remote_noarg_execution('test-01','grains.items')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

[root@foundation36 ~]# python saltapi.py
([u'server2', u'server3'], [])

执行python脚本开启nginx：

[root@foundation36 ~]# vim saltapi.py  #更改main函数
sapi.deploy('server3','nginx.service')

关闭server3上的nginx，执行python脚本，server3上的nginx会自动开启

[root@foundation36 ~]# python saltapi.py 

• 关闭server3上的nginx，curl localhost       #访问被拒绝
• 执行脚本后： curl localhost       #访问成功