第一单元的翻译

Computer will become more advanced and they will also become easier to use.
计算机将变得更加先进，也将变得更容易使用。
Improved speech recognition will make the operation of a computer easier.
语音识别的改进将使计算机更加容易操作。
Virtual reality ,the technology of interacting with a computer using all of the human senses,will also contribute to better human and computer interfaces.
虚拟现实，即使用所有人类官能与计算机进行交互的技术，也将有助于创建更好的人机接口。
Other,exotic models of computation are being developed,including biological computing that uses living oranisims,molecular computing that uses molecules with particular properties, and computing that uses deoxyribonucleic acid,the basic unit of heredity,to store data and carry out operations.
人们正在开发其他的歧义计算模型，包括使用生物机体的生物计算，使用具有特定属性的分子的分子计算，以及使用遗传基本单位DNA存储数据和执行运算的计算。
These are examples of possible future computational platforms that ,so far , are limited in abilities or area strictly theoretical.
这些都是可能的未来计算平台的例子，而他们迄今还能力有限或完全属于理论范畴。
Scientists investigate them because of the physical limitations of miniaturizing circuits embedded in silicon.
科学家研究他们，是因为嵌入硅中的电路的微小型化受到物理限制。
There are also limittions related to heat generated by even the tiniest of transistors
还有一些限制与即使最微小的晶体管也会产生的热量有关。

第二单元翻译

A modem is a device that convenrts between analog and digital signals.
调制解调器是在模拟与数字信号之间进行转换的设备。
Digital signals, which area used by computers ,are made up of seperate units, usually represened by a series of 1’s and 0’s.
计算机使用的数字信号这种信号由离散单元组成，通常用系列1和0表示。
Analog signals vary continuously;
模拟信号是连续变化的；
an example of an analog signal is a sound wave.
声波就是模拟信号的一个例子
Modems are often used to enable computers to communicate with each other across telephone lines.
调制解调器经常用于实现计算机之间通过电话线的互相通信。
A modem converts the digital signals of the sending computer to analog signals that can be transmitted through telephone lines.
调制解调器将发送端计算机的数字信号转换成可通过电话线传输的模拟信号。
When the signal reaches its destination,another modem reconstructs the original diital signal,which is processed by the receiving computer.
信号到达目的地后，另一个调制解调器重构原来的数字信号，供接收端计算机处理。
If both modems can transmit data to each other simultaneously,the modems are operating in full duplex(双工的)mode;
如果两个解调器可同时互相发送数据，那么他们采用的就是全双工工作方式
If only one modem can transmit at a time,the modems area operating in half duplex mode
如果一次只有一个调制解调器可以发送数据，那么它们采用的则是半双工工作方式。

第三单元翻译

Object-oriented programming(OOP) languages,such as C++and Java,area based on traditional high-level languages,but they enable a programmer to think in terms of collections of cooperating objects instead of lists of commands.
面对对象程序设计语言，如C++和JAVA,基于传统的高级语言，但是他们使程序设计员能够从合作对象而非命令列表的角度进行思考
Objects ,such as a circle, have properties such as the radius of the circle and command that draws it on the computer screen.
例如圆之类的对象具有像圆半径一类的属性，以及在计算机屏幕上绘制该对象的命令
For example,a class defining squares can inherit features such as right angles from a class defining rectangles.
一个对象类可以从其他的对象类继承特征，例如，定义正方形的类可以从定义长方形的类那里继承直角等特征。
This set of programming clases simplifies the programmer’s task,resulting in more “reusable” computer code.
这一套程序设计类简化了程序设计员的工作，带来了更多“可复用的”计算机代码
Reusable code allows a programmer to use code that has alreadybeen designed,written, and tested.
可复用代码使程序设计员可以使用已经设计，编写和测试的代码
This makes the programmer’s task easier,and it results in more reliable and efficient programs.
这使得程序设计员的工作变得更加的容易，并带来更加可靠和高效的程序。

第四单元翻译

In softwre, a bug is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to produce incorrect results.
在软件中，错误是导致程序发生故障或产生不正确结果的编码或逻辑错误。
Minor bugs–for example,a cursor that does not behave as expected-can be inconvenient or frustrating,but not damaging to information.
较轻微的错误，例如光标表现异常，会造成不便或带来挫折，但不会对信息产生破坏性的影响。
More severe bugs can cause a program to “hang”(stop responding to commands) and might leave the user with no alternaive but to restart the program, losing any previous work that has not benn saved.
较严重的错误会导致程序“中止”（对命令停止反应），可能使用户别无选择，只能重新启动程序，结果导致任何前面已经做好但尚未保存的工作丢失。
In either case, the programmer must find and correct the error by the process known as debuugin.
两种情况无论是哪一种，程序员都必须凭借称为调试的过程发现并改正错误。
Bucaise of th epotential risk to important data, commercial application programs area tested and debugged as completely as possible before release.
由于错误对重要数据的潜在危险，商用应用程序在发行前都要经过全面的测试和调试
Minor bugs found after the program becomes available area correcte in the next update.
程序发行后较轻微错误在下一次更新时改正
more severe bugs can sometimes be fixed with special software ,called patches,that circumvents the problem or otherwise alleviates its effects
较严重的错误有时可用称为补丁的特殊软件加以修饰，以规避问题或减轻其影响。

第五单元

Software processes are complex and,like all intellectual and creative processes,rely on peopolemaking decisions and judgments.
程序过程比较复杂，而且像所有其他智能和创造性过程一样，依靠人们做出决定和判断。
Because of the need for judgment and cretivty, attempts to automate software processes have met with limited success
由于需要判断和创造性，使软件过程自动化的尝试只取得了有限的成功
Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools can support some process activities.
计算机辅助软件工程工具可支持软件过程的某种活动
However ,there is no possibility,at least in the next few years,of more extensive auomation where software takes over creative design frome the engineers involved in the software process.
然后，至少在未来的几年内，不可能实现更广泛的软件过程自动化，使软件能够接替参与软件过程的工程师来从事创造性设计。
One reason the effectiveness of CASE tool is limited is because of the immense diversity of software processes.
计算机辅助软件设计工具的有效性优先，原因之一是软件过程多种多样。
There is no ideal process, and many organizations have developed their own approach to software development.
不存在理想的过程，而且许多组织机构发展了自己的软件开发方法
Processes have evolved to exploit the capabilities of the people in an organization and the specific characteristics of the systems that area being developed .For some systems, a very structured development process is required while for others a flexible ,agile process is likely to be more effective.
软件过程不断演变，以利用组织机构的人员的能力和开发中的系统的具体特点。
对于一些系统来说，需要的是一个高度结构化的开发过程，而对于另一些系统来说，一个灵活敏捷的过程很可能更为有效。