【SpringMVC】SpringMVC入门
什么是SpringMVC?SpringMVC属于Spring框架的后序产品,用在基于MVC表现层开发,类似于Struts2框架SpringMVC第一个案例1.引入相关jar包2.配置web.xmlDispatcherServletorg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
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什么是SpringMVC?
SpringMVC属于Spring框架的后序产品,用在基于MVC表现层开发,类似于Struts2框架
SpringMVC第一个案例
1.引入相关jar包
2.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<!-- 注册SpringMVC框架核心控制器 -->
<servlet>
<!-- 默认去WEB-INF下面找DispatcherServlet-servlet.xml文件 -->
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 通知DispatcherServlet去指定的目录下加载springmvc.xml配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3.创建Action控制器类HelloAction,实现Controller接口,重写handleRequest方法
package cn.qblank.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public class HelloAction implements Controller{
public HelloAction(){
System.out.println("构造方法");
}
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
System.out.println("handleRequest");
//ModelAndView表示向视图封装数据和真实路径
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("message","你好,SpringMVC");
modelAndView.setViewName("/jsp/success.jsp");
return modelAndView;
}
}
4. 在webRoot/jsp目录下创建success.jsp页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>成功页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>成功</h3>
${message}
</body>
</html>
5. 在/WEB-INF/创建DispatcherServlet-servlet.xml配置文件,xml头部信息与spring.xml相同
注意:该配置文件的命名规则:web.xml文件中配置的 <servlet-name>的值-servlet.xml
也可以自行指定名字和路径,如上的web.xml中的配置,接下来我们就来配置springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
">
<!-- 控制器
注册action
class:处理类全路径
name:请求路径
-->
<bean name="/hello.action" class="cn.qblank.action.HelloAction"></bean>
<!-- 映射器:BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping表示将bean标签的name属性值当作URL请求 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 适配器:SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter表示用于寻找实现了Controller接口的Action类 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 视图解析器 :InternalResourceViewResolver表示通过ModelAndView对象中封装的视图名找到真正的页面 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"></bean>
</beans>
接下来我们开启tomcat来测试一波
当我们再次访问一下改路径(/hello.action)时
我们发现,构造方法只执行了一次,而handleRequest方法却执行了两次,由此说明,在SpringMVC中的Action是单实例的。而handleRequest方法每次访问都会调用一次。
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